The Black-headed Waxbill (Estrilda atricapilla) is a common species of estrildid finch found in central Africa. It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 620,000 km².

It is found in Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. The status of the species is evaluated as Least Concern.

The eastern subspecies E. a. kandti is sometimes treated as a separate species, Kandt's Waxbill.